终局逆风
By John Mauldin
April 29, 2011
我曾在此周迅中反复谈到终局这个话题,在一部纽约时报畅销书中也有谈及同样的话题。我说的“终局”是指这样一个时期,即许多发达国家或将自愿解债,或将被迫解债。这个解债年代将会造成一个具有根本性差异的经济环境,下文引述的明斯基研究表明这种经济环境将会持续4-6年。现在,无论解债是有序进行(英国现在看样子似乎是这种情况),还是更接近我长期以来所预测的像希腊那样的猛烈违约,它都将会造成一个与我们已经生活了60年的经济世界极为不同的经济世界。这是有道理的,因为之前的那个世界是因举债不断增加而形成。从经济上而言,债务被直接削减或甚至只是举债速度大幅减慢将会构成一个完全不同的游戏。
在论述过程中,我说明了发达世界所面临的各种选择,但我克制住没有去预测实际将会发生什么以及环绕那个结局的环境将会是什么摸样。但我打算改变做法。我已经对这个问题做了大量思考和研究。虽然我的结论会存在一些争议性(我知道,惊奇,惊奇),在某些点上几乎足以得罪所有人,但是我希望我能够提供足够清晰的说明,帮助你想通你自己的观点,以及对于我认为不久的将来将会发生的另一场衰退,你将会如何反应。至于结果将会是一般性危机还是重大危机将取决于我们自己与我们所选出的政治家。我认为,我们需要做出最明智的选择,因为我们正处在自1940年以来最为关键的十字路口。
在我开始写本期通讯时,我正乘坐飞机飞往圣地亚哥,我将在哪里与合作方共同举办我们的第八届策略投资年会。跟以往一样,我将是星期六最后一个演讲的人。这期通讯将是演讲的开头,我们将会在下周(但愿如此)做出结论。在本篇文章中,我希望做的是:总结主要的观点,增加一些新的观点,然后谈谈我所预见的终局。接下来这两期通讯将是过去几年来比较关键的两期。请随意将它转发给您的朋友,如果您正在阅读这期通讯,您也可以订阅,加入我的百万密友群:www.johnmauldin.com。(这期通讯包含很多图表,打印出来可能比较长。)
但在我们切入正题之前,你们很多人都知道我是一个连续创业者。我不断地寻找商业机会并入“墨登家族企业”。我的“业余爱好”就是寻找尖端的生物技术。一直有读者写信来要求我就去年提到的一个生物技术提供详情和最新消息。我们和国际干细胞公司(International Stem Cell Corporation)合作,这是一家非常有实力的生物科技公司,他们的科学家发明了一种能够帮助恢复肌肤活力的配方,现在正在等候专利的批准。我们将继续与他们合作,以帮助发展取得的这个突破,最为重要的是,资助他们的医疗研究,找到治疗各种严重疾病的方法。您可以在这里了解详细信息:www.lifelineskincare.com/antiagingbreakthrough。现在,言归正传。
在我谈自己对于债务大周期在美国将会如何收场之前,我们需要迅速来审视一下当前的环境,以及重温几个基本的经济主题,我将它们称为经济增长的“逆风”。许多国家的许多领导人都认为,只有实行正确的政策,他们就能通过增长(出口)来摆脱问题。但我已经论述过,并不是所有国家都能够同时通过增长来解决危机。必须有人在买进。
虽然正确的政策确实会有所帮助,但就我看来,在终局持续的多年期间,增长将会受到严重阻碍。不过,无论如何,我们总会度过这个艰难的时期。真的。我个人的观点是,终局周期结束后的时期,我们将会看到真正的经济繁荣,具体原因我们将会在本系列中简单述及,并将在未来一年中详细论述。我对于长期的前景是相当看好的,但是如果你没有做好准备,一路上将会非常颠簸。我将会尽量为你提供帮助。
先简单为新读者定义下我所谓的“终局”指的是什么,这在新书《终局:债务大周期之结束及其如何改变一切事物》中有详细说明: (www.amazon.com/endgame...
Comments
Mike Krechevsky
May 10, 2011, 9:15 a.m.
Objective source like the Heritage Foundation. Now that is laugh out loud funny.
Keith Covington
May 2, 2011, 11:29 p.m.
enjoy the comments even though I don’t agree with all pov..some of you who need to question the motives of John should simply unsubscribe or at least provide the data when you are in disagreement rather than take cheap potshots.
my only question is a possible conflict of the graphs: total US debt as % of GDP is shown as 369% in 2009 in the large graph and looks like 100% in the graph when shown in the 2nd set of graphs, the lower right graph in the set of 6? am I missing something?
Fred Swartz
May 1, 2011, 11:53 a.m.
Thought provoking as always. Thanks. Two additional issues that might be addressed:
(1) Some countries with high standards of living (eg, Nordic) have high level of taxation. How have they been able to do this so successfully?
(2) Maximizing GDP has always seemed like looking for keys where the light is, instead of trying to optimize the well-being of the citizenry. For example, reducing income disparity may not increase GDP, but could increase overall happiness, decrease crime etc. Throwing a rock through a store window may increase GDP, but ...
Russ Abbott
May 1, 2011, 10:56 a.m.
Two quick comments.
1. You lose credibility when you cite work from the Heritage Foundation (2% unemployment?) as believable.
2. You confuse government with non-productive work. I’d much rather have the government spend taxes on public infrastructure than have the private sector spend its money on non-productive activities like sports, other big-money entertainment, or junk food like sugar-based soft drinks. The former will make the economy more efficient and productive. The latter won’t. In fact, the free-market’s success at selling soft drinks is putting tremendous pressure on the economy in the form of unnecessary medical expenses. This is not to say that I would have the government limit the ability of the market to manufacture, advertise, and sell soft drinks. I wouldn’t; and please don’t accuse me of wanting a big-brother government. My point is that it’s far too simplistic to adopt the attitude that it’s bad for government to provide services and good for the market to do so. It’s much more complex than that.
NR Peterson
April 30, 2011, 11:54 a.m.
The Debt to GDP chart is one factor. How about incorporating interest rates and the maturity schedule? The only reason the US economy hasn’t blown up sooner is because interest rates have dropped to zero and the maturity schedule is being dramatically shorten. The US Government balance sheet is more similar to Bear Stearns than we might like to think: look at the mismatch or assets and liabilities and the increasing significance of off-balance sheet items. Clearly, there are no adults in the room and this ends badly!
Clayton Buerkle
April 30, 2011, 9:37 a.m.
I was thinking the same thing as Robert Gilroy. I keep reading these polar opposite viewpoints that both make sense and seem backed up with reliable data and analysis. How can that be? Yet, the two sides are unwilling to have a “point-by-point discussion” because, why? In the meantime vacuum of anything close to agreement, partisan politics decides the nation’s fate.
Phil Printz
April 30, 2011, 9:28 a.m.
As a liberal, I agree with most of what John writes concerning our serious problems with a rising deficit. My question concerns his failure to specifically address the effect of tax increases on just the wealthy as a potential solution and the effect of companies outsourcing jobs overseas to achieve greater productivity.
Also what many analysis fail to include in the deficit reduction calculation is the cost of rising crime as the poor lose the social entitlements that they have received for generations. We are a country after all of gun owners, unlike europe, and when people feel they have been unjustly treated and watch family members go hungry and not receive needed medical care it is not hard to imagine they will act out in unpleasant ways. Does anybody really think the poor will just quietly sit by and watch their humble lives destroyed? How much spending will we need to control the angry poor of the inner city. What is the cost of people being afraid to shop at malls and grocery stores because of potential violence. To avoid this violent scenario we must all tighten our belts and share of the pain with the wealth carrying more than the middle class and the poor if we hope to solve this very challenging problem. We must use wisdom to make very gradual spending cuts in social entitlements, while sharply raising taxes on the rich and changing our defense spending programs.
CArolyn Lilly
April 30, 2011, 9:26 a.m.
I find it disappointing that you choose healthcare to lessen government - what about cutting back on military spending (certainly Vietnam and Iraq were huge costly mistakes)-it’s foolhardy to believe we can control the world. Let Europe and Asia fend for themselves. Also delete other worthless government spending as incarcerating drug addicts (instead provide rehab!). QE has only benefited the already rich bankers, and worsened the situation for the middle-class. “The richest 1 percent of Americans now take home almost 24 percent of income, up from almost 9 percent in 1976.”- Read about the new US Banana Republic at: <http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/07/opinion/07kristof.html?_r=1>
Why wasn’t QE used to create jobs (improve infrastructure, renewable energy, mass transit, etc.)? That would increase productivity and lessen the need for “social welfare”. People need JOBS!
Yes, taxes need to increase- capital gains and dividends should pay the regular earning rate, Bush tax cuts dropped, etc. Current government policy is for the rich (catering to rich political contributions). The middle class are the workers who made this country great… too bad our country has significantly moved towards a two-class system (rich and poor), which, if continued, will result in real class warfare=revolution.
Gerard Longpre
April 30, 2011, 7:44 a.m.
John: pretty hard to accept your proposition that Government spending sucks the money out of the economy so the entrepreneurs cannot bring their start up businesses to fruition. Start ups pay no tax.
Between 1960 and taking into account the large decreases in 1982 and 1986, when tax rates in 1986 came down from top of 50% to 38% approx for top earners and 2010 Federal tax receipts have all averaged between 16% and 18% of GDP. GDP between 1986 and 2011 has averaged between 4% to 5%. Total Federal Spending between 1986 and 2010 has averaged between 18% and 20% of GDP.
US Government Public Debt under Reagon and Bush 1 went from 36% of GDP to 66% of GDP under Clinton, then 57% to 81% under Bush and under Bush with brainless Greenspan who created the Great recession’ to about 88% under Obama. So the Republican geniuses increased the Debt by 54% in the last 30 years.
Between 1980 and 2008 the Private Savings Rate has dropped from 10% to -2% (at least). Interestingly Corporate profits have gone from 8% of GDP in 1985 to 10.6% of GDP in 2005. However from 2005 have gone from 10% of GDP to 12% today.
So even though the Reagan and Bushes increased the public debt 54% and Reagan and Clinton dropped the tax rates where is this dynamic growth that you state will take place if the Government stops spending and decreases taxes, going to come from? Because neither tax receipts have really increased or decreased or Government spending increased or decreased over the last 15 years and other than Federal Government borrowings increasing dramatically, GDP up until 2008 was pretty much in the same range of 4 to 5%. Corporate Profits only went up about 2.5% in the bull market (18 years) while since 2008 Corporate profits have gone up 2% in 3 years.
Sorry I cannot see based on the facts of the economy where decreasing taxes without government spending will give the magic growth. With all of the government and Fed largess in 2008 to 2011, with tax receipts staying pretty much the same we have seen quite dramatic Corporate profit growth but GDP is now 1.8%
Abel Rossenblat
April 30, 2011, 4:45 a.m.
I basically agree with yr comments regarding government size all around the world.The main problem I see is that will be very difficult to reduce spending due to al the created interests and the lack of understanding for the majority of the people.
We realy need great leaders and excellente managers to rationally reduce government spending and we have not them today.